The Big Bang May Had Never Existed

If clinical chemistry had existed then....

Many myths, theories, and speculations exist as to the exact etiology of the diseases that affected famous artistic painters, composers of classical music, and political leaders. Illness can profoundly affect the productivity and creativity of those who are ill (1). Clinical chemistry, had it existed during the lifetimes of various wellknown individuals, might have unraveled the mysteries of th...

The Big Bang is bang on.

The Big Bang Theory

The first theoretical evidence for the Big Bang came from Alexander Friedmann in 1922, when he showed that Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity predicted that the universe was either expanding or contracting. Einstein was so upset with this result that he introduced a cosmological constant into his theory which would make the universe static. Later he said that this was his biggest bl...

STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION USING BIG BANG-BIG CRUNCH ALGORITHM: A REVIEW

The big bang-big crunch (BB-BC) algorithm is a popular metaheuristic optimization technique proposed based on one of the theories for the evolution of the universe. The algorithm utilizes a two-phase search mechanism: big-bang phase and big-crunch phase. In the big-bang phase the concept of energy dissipation is considered to produce disorder and randomness in the candidate population while in ...

Estimation of parameters of metal-oxide surge arrester models using Big Bang-Big Crunch and Hybrid Big Bang-Big Crunch algorithms

Metal oxide surge arrester accurate modeling and its parameter identification are very important for insulation coordination studies, arrester allocation and system reliability. Since quality and reliability of lightning performance studies can be improved with the more efficient representation of the arresters´ dynamic behavior. In this paper, Big Bang – Big Crunch and Hybrid Big Bang – Big Cr...